Amashami afatika arashobora kungukirwa no guhinduranya ibikoresho byikuboko bivuye mu muringa. Bombi bahatanirana mubijyanye no gukomera, kuramba, imiterere yuburyo bwiza hamwe ninso zirangiza - ariko zinc ifite izindi nyungu.
Ibikoresho byumuringa ninzira yizewe yo kugera ku mpande za radiyo no kugenzura neza muri beto. Imiterere yayo ikomeye ifite ibipimo byiza kandi birashobora gutanga ibisubizo byumwuga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibikoresho byumuringa akenshi ni ishingiro ryimashini nyinshi zirangira. Ariko, ibyo ukunda biza ku giciro. Amafaranga n'amafaranga y'imirimo y'umuringwa umusaruro w'umuringa utera igihombo ku nganda, ariko ntibigomba kubaho. Hano hari ubundi buryo buboneka-zinc.
Nubwo ibihimbano byabo bitandukanye, umuringa na zinc bifite imitungo isa. Barushanwa hagati yabo mubijyanye no gukomera, kuramba, imiterere yuburyo bwiza hamwe nibisubizo byumwuga. Ariko, Zinc ifite inyungu zinyongera.
Umusaruro wa zinc igabanya umutwaro ku masezerano n'abakora. Kuri buri gikoresho cya Bronze byakozwe, ibikoresho bibiri bya zinc birashobora kubisimbuza. Ibi bigabanya umubare wamafaranga yapfushije kubikoresho bitanga ibisubizo bimwe. Byongeye kandi, umusaruro w'abakora ni utekanye. Muguhindura isoko ya Zinc, abashoramari bombi nabakora bazabyungukiramo.
Urebye neza ibihimbano byerekana ko umuringa ari umuringa wumuringa wakoreshejwe mumyaka irenga 5.000. Mu gihe gikomeye cyimyaka yumuringa, byari ibyuma binini cyane kandi binini bizwi cyane, bitanga ibikoresho byiza, intwaro, intwaro nibindi bikoresho bikenewe kugirango abantu barokoke.
Mubisanzwe ni ihuriro ry'umuringa na tin, aluminium cyangwa nikel (nibindi). Ibikoresho byinshi bya beto ni 88-90% yumuringa na 10-12%. Bitewe n'imbaraga zayo, gukomera no gusuzugura cyane, iyi mirimo irakwiriye cyane kubikoresho. Ibi bintu nabyo bitanga ubushobozi bwikirenga bufitemo uruhare, ibyuma bitangaje no kuramba cyane. Kubwamahirwe, bikunze no kugabanuka.
Niba uhuye numwuka uhagije, ibikoresho bya bronze bizanyeganyega hanyuma uhindure icyatsi. Iki kinini, cyitwa Patina, mubisanzwe ni ikimenyetso cya mbere cyo kwambara. Patina irashobora gukora nk'inzitizi ikingira, ariko niba chloride (nk'iyi mu mazi yo mu nyanja, ubutaka cyangwa ibyuya) biboneka, ibyo bikoresho birashobora gukura mu "ndwara z'umuringa". Iyi niyo irimbuka ryibiciro byagaciro (bifite umuringa). Nindwara yanduye ishobora gucengera icyuma no kuyisenya. Iyo ibi bibaye, nta mahirwe yo kubihagarika.
Utanga zinc iherereye muri Amerika, igabanya akazi ko kurenga. Ibi ntabwo byazanye imirimo myinshi ya tekinike kuri Amerika, ariko nanone kugabanya amafaranga yumusaruro no kugurisha. Amasosiyete ya Marshalltown
Kuberako Zinc irimo ibika, "bronze" irashobora kwirindwa. Ibinyuranye nibyo, ni ikintu cyicyuma gifite kare yacyo kumeza yigihe hamwe na hexagonal. Ifite kandi imbaraga ziciriritse, kandi irashobora kwitonda kandi byoroshye gutunganya ku bushyuhe burenze gato ubushyuhe bwibidukikije.
Muri icyo gihe, umuringa na zinc ufite ubukana bukwiye cyane kubikoresho (muri moh bikomeye igipimo cyibyuma, zinc = 2.5; bronze = 3).
Kuba beje be betra, ibi bivuze ko, kubijyanye nibigize, itandukaniro riri hagati yumuringa na zinc ni nto. Bombi batanga ibikoresho bifatika bifite ubushobozi bukabije bwo kwishora mu bushake, ibyuma bitangaje, n'ubushobozi bwo kubyara umusaruro umwe urangiza. Zinc ntabwo ifite ibibimwe byose - ni ibintu byoroheje, byoroshye gukoresha, kurwanya indwara z'umuringa, no gukora neza.
Umusaruro wumuringa ushingiye ku buryo bubiri bwo gutanga umusaruro (umusenyi ugapfa guta), ariko ntabwo ari uburyo bukabije kubakora. Igisubizo nuko abakora barashobora kunyura kuri ubu buryo bwamafaranga kuba rwiyemezamirimo.
Umucanga, nkuko izina ryerekana, ni ugusuka umuringa washongeye muri mold ishoboka yacapwe numucanga. Kubera ko ibumba rikoreshwa, uwabikoze agomba gusimbuza cyangwa guhindura ibumba kuri buri gikoresho. Iyi nzira ifata igihe, ibisubizo mubikoresho bike bikozwe kandi bivamo ibiciro byinshi byibikoresho byumuringa kuko itangwa ridashobora kuzuza ibyifuzo bihoraho.
Kurundi ruhande, gupfa guta ntabwo arimwe. Iyo ibyuma byamazi bimaze gusukwa mubice byicyuma, bikomeye kandi bivanwaho, kubumba byongeye kwitegura gukoreshwa ako kanya. Kubakora, ingaruka zonyine zubu buryo nuko ikiguzi cyo gupfa kimwe - ubumuga bwo gutakaza bushobora kuba kinini nkamadolari ibihumbi.
Tutitaye kubyo uburyo bwo gushinga uwukora wahisemo gukoresha, gusya no kwibeshya birimo. Ibi biha ibikoresho byumuringa byoroshye, ibicucu byiteguye kandi byiteguye-gukoresha kuvura hejuru. Kubwamahirwe, iyi nzira isaba amafaranga yumurimo.
Gusya no kwikuramo nigice cyingenzi cyumusaruro wibikoresho byumuringa, kandi bizabyara umukungugu usaba kugisimba byihuse cyangwa guhumeka. Hatabayeho ibi, abakozi barashobora kubabazwa nindwara yitwa pnemoconiose cyangwa "pnemoconiose", itera tissue yinkoko kugirango ikusanyirize mumahambo kandi irashobora gutera ibibazo bikabije byibihaha.
Nubwo ibi bibazo byubuzima bikunze kwibanda mubihaha, izindi nzego nazo ziri mu kaga. Ibice bimwe birashobora gushonga mu maraso, bibemerera gukwira mu mubiri wose, bigira ingaruka ku mwijima, impyiko ndetse n'ubwonko. Kubera izo mimerere, abayikora abanyamerika bamwe ntibagishaka gushyira abakozi babo mu kaga. Ahubwo, iki gikorwa kirasohoka. Ariko n'abakora ibishoboka byose byahamagariye umusaruro wumuringa no gusya babigizemo uruhare.
Nkuko hari abakora bake kandi bake b'umuringa murugo no mumahanga, Bronzes bizagorana kubona, bikavamo ibiciro bidafite ishingiro.
Kumenyekanisha bishimangira, itandukaniro riri hagati yumuringa na zinc ni nto. Bombi batanga ibikoresho bifatika bifite ubushobozi bukabije bwo kwishora mu bushake, ibyuma bitangaje, n'ubushobozi bwo kubyara umusaruro umwe urangiza. Zinc ntabwo ifite ibibimwe byose - biraremereye, byoroshye gukoresha, kwihanganira kurwanya indwara z'umuringa, no gukora neza. Amasosiyete ya Marshalltown
Ku rundi ruhande, umusaruro wa Zinc ntabwo wihanganira aya mafaranga. Ibi biterwa niterambere ryibitana byihuta bya zinc-bizabera itanura rya 1960, ryakoreshwaga gukonja no gukonjesha hamwe no kwinjiza ibikoresho byo kubyara zinc. Ibisubizo byazanye inyungu nyinshi kubakora no kubaguzi, harimo:
Zinc igereranywa n'umuringa muri byose. Byombi bifite ubushobozi bwo kwishoramo bukabije kandi nibyiza kubangamira ubwenge, mugihe Zinc bibatera ubudahangarwa bwumuringa hamwe numwirondoro woroshye, byoroshye-gukoresha bishobora gutanga abashoramari basa nibisubizo bisa nibisubizo ya.
Iki nacyo nigice gito cyibiciro byibikoresho byumuriro. Zinc ishingiye kuri Amerika, irasobanutse neza kandi idasaba gusya no gutesha agaciro, bityo bikaba bikama.
Ibi ntibikiza abakozi babo mubihaha byuzuye ivumbi nibindi bihe bikomeye byubuzima, ariko bivuze ko abakora bashobora no gukoresha bike kugirango babyare byinshi. Ibizigamiye bizahabwa kubwumvikane bwo kubafasha kuzigama ikiguzi cyo kugura ibikoresho byiza.
Hamwe nizi nyungu zose, birashoboka ko inganda ziva mu gihe cya bronze y'ibikoresho bifatika kandi ukemure ejo hazaza ha zinc.
Megan Rachuy ni umwanditsi urimo urwanira hamwe n'umwanditsi wa Marsshalltown, umuyobozi w'isi mu gukora ibikoresho by'intoki n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi by'inganda zitandukanye. Nkumwanditsi utura, yandikaga DIY na Pro-bifitanye isano na Marshalltown Amahugurwa ya Blog.
Igihe cyohereza: Sep-06-2021