Rimwe na rimwe, guhagarika bigomba gusanwa, ariko hariho amahitamo menshi, dushushanya dute kandi duhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gusana? Ibi ntabwo bigoye nkuko ubitekereza.
Nyuma yo gukora iperereza no kugena intego zo gusana, gushushanya cyangwa guhitamo ibikoresho byo gusana neza nuburyo buroroshye. Iyi ncamake yimiterere yo gusana ikubiyemo inzira zikurikira: Gusukura no kuzuza, gusuka no kuzuza inshinge / kuzunguza inshinge, no "kudasoma".
Nkuko byasobanuwe muri "Igice cya 1: Uburyo bwo Gusuzuma no Gukemura Ibice bifatika Muri make, ibintu byingenzi bikenewe kugirango usuzume neza gusanwa ni ukugereranya ubugari bwa crack (harimo ubugari ntarengwa nubugari) hamwe no kugena niba igikoma gikora cyangwa gisinziriye. Birumvikana ko intego yo gusana ari ngombwa nko gupima ubugari no kugena amahirwe yo kugendana mu gihe kizaza.
Gukora neza bigenda kandi bikura. Ingero zirimo ibice byatewe nubutaka buhoraho cyangwa ibice bigabanuka / kwagura ingingo zabanyamuryango ba beto cyangwa inyubako. Ibitaramo biracyatsi bibi birahamye kandi ntibiteganijwe guhinduka mugihe kizaza. Mubisanzwe, gucika intege biterwa no kugabanuka kwa beto bizakorwa cyane mugitangira, ariko uko ubuhehere bwihuse bwa beto ihanamye, amaherezo izahanagura kandi ikandika leta. Mubyongeyeho, niba utubari bihagije yicyuma (inkoni, imitwe yicyuma, cyangwa fibre ya macroscopique) inyura mumirongo, kunyura mu bice, bizagenzurwa n'ibice bishobora gufatwa nkibisanzwe.
Ku rukuta rwo gusinzira, koresha ibikoresho bikomeye cyangwa byoroshye gusana. Gukora neza bisaba ibikoresho byo gusana byoroshye nibitekerezo bidasanzwe byo gushushanya kugirango ukemere kugenda ejo hazaza. Gukoresha ibikoresho byo gusana bikabije kubice bifatika mubisanzwe bivamo gucikamo ibikoresho byo gusana na / cyangwa beto yegeranye.
Ifoto 1. Gukoresha inzibacyuho
Birumvikana ko ari ngombwa kumenya icyateye gutontoma no kumenya niba koko ari ngombwa. Imirongo yerekana igishushanyo gishoboka, ibisobanuro, cyangwa amakosa yubwubatsi birashobora gutuma abantu bahangayikishijwe nubushobozi bwumutwaro n'umutekano wimiterere. Ubu bwoko bwibice burashobora kuba ingenzi. Gucibwa birashobora guterwa numutwaro, cyangwa birashobora kuba bifitanye isano nimpinduka zidasanzwe za beto, nkibintu byumye, kwaguka no kwagura no kugabanuka, kandi ntibishobora kuba ingirakamaro. Mbere yo guhitamo gusana, menya impamvu hanyuma utekereze akamaro ko gutumiza.
Gusana ibice byatewe nigishushanyo, ibisobanuro birambuye, hamwe namakosa yubwubatsi arenze ingingo yoroshye. Ibihe mubisanzwe bisaba gusesengura imiterere yuzuye kandi birashobora gusaba gusanwa bidasanzwe.
Kugarura ihungabana ryubaka cyangwa ubunyangamugayo bwibigize beto, birinda kumeneka cyangwa kuzamuka amazi hamwe nibindi bintu byo gufatanya), bitanga inkunga ya Crack, no kuzamura ibintu bifatika nintego zisanzwe zo gusana. Urebye izo ntego, kubungabunga birashobora kugabanywa hafi mu byiciro bitatu:
Hamwe no gukundwa kwa beto ngwate na beto kandi yubatswe, gusaba gusana kwisiga byiyongera. Rimwe na rimwe, gusana ubunyangamugayo no gucapa kwawe / kuzura kandi bisaba gusana. Mbere yo guhitamo ikoranabuhanga ryo gusana, tugomba gusobanura intego yo gusanwa.
Mbere yo gushushanya gusanwa cyangwa guhitamo uburyo bwo gusana, ibibazo bine byingenzi bigomba gusubizwa. Umaze gusubiza ibi bibazo, urashobora guhitamo byoroshye gusoma.
Ifoto ya 2. Ukoresheje kaseti ya scotch, gucukura umwobo, hamwe na rubber-umutwe uhuza imbunda ebyiri-ya bargel, ibikoresho byo gusana birashobora guterwa mubice byiza bicibwa nigitutu gito. Kelton Glewwe, Umuhanda, Inc.
Ubu buhanga bworoshye bwamenyekanye, cyane cyane bwo kwinjiza-ubwoko bwinyubako, kuko ibikoresho byo gusana hamwe nisuka nkeya cyane rirahari. Kubera ko ibi bikoresho byo gusana bishobora gutemba byoroshye cyane muburemere buke cyane kuburubasha, ntihakenewe kwizinga (ni ukuvuga ikigega cya kare cyangwa V-shusho ya kalobal). Kubera ko kwisiga bitasabwa, ubugari bwo gusana burundu ni kimwe n'ubugari bwa crack, bugaragara cyane kuruta kwifungira. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha koza insinga no gukora isuku ya vacuum birihuta kandi ubukungu burenze kwishyurwa.
Ubwa mbere, sukura ibice kugirango ukureho umwanda nimyanda, hanyuma wuzuze ibikoresho byo gusana hasi. Uwagumye yateje imbere diameter ntoya ivanze nozzle ihujwe na haal-arrel tera imbunda kugirango ishyiremo ibikoresho byo gusana (ifoto 1). Niba impamyabumenyi ya nozzle nini kuruta ubugari bwa crack, inzira imwe ya crack irashobora gusabwa kugirango ikore neza neza kugirango ikemure ingano ya nozzle. Reba vicosity mu nyandiko zabakozwe; Abakora bamwe bagaragaza ubugari bwimiterere ya crack kubikoresho. Gupimirwa muri centiise, nkuko agaciro ka vino bigabanuka, ibikoresho bihinduka cyangwa byoroshye gutemba mu bice bigufi. Iterambere ryimiturire ryoroshye rishobora no gukoreshwa mugushiraho ibikoresho byo gusana (reba ishusho 2).
Ifoto ya 3. Wiring na kashe bikubiyemo gukata ikintu cyambere hamwe na kare cyangwa icyuma gifite icyuma, hanyuma ukayuzuza hamwe na kashe iboneye cyangwa yuzuye. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo, kuzunguruka kuzura Polyurethane, hanyuma nyuma yo gukiza, birashingiraho no kuzunguruka hejuru. Kim Basham
Ubu ni inzira isanzwe yo gusana, nziza kandi nini (ifoto 3). Nibisana bitarimo imiterere birimo kwagura uduce (wiring) no kuyuzuzaga amashusho meza cyangwa kuzungura. Ukurikije ingano nimiterere yikigega cya salaner hamwe nubwoko bwa kamene cyangwa filler ikoreshwa, wizingo na kashe birashobora gusana ibisigazwa bifatika no gusinzira. Ubu buryo burakwiriye cyane ku butaka butambitse, ariko burashobora kandi gukoreshwa ahantu hahagaritse hamwe nibikoresho byo gusana bidakabije.
Ibikoresho byo gusana bikwiye birimo epoxy, Polyinethane, Silicone, Polyine, na minisiteri ya Polymer. Kuri elab, uwashushanyije agomba guhitamo ibikoresho hamwe nuburyo bukwiye no gukomera cyangwa gukomera biranga amacumbi biteganijwe mumodoka hamwe nigihe kizaza. Mugihe guhinduka byoroshye kwiyongera, kwihanganira gukwirakwiza no kwiyongera kwiyongera, ariko ubushobozi bwumutwaro wibikoresho no gushyigikirwa na crack bizagabanuka. Mugihe ubushobozi bwo kwiyongera, ubushobozi bwo gutwara imitwaro no gushyigikirwa byiyongera, ariko kwihanganira kugenda kugabanuka bigabanuka.
Igishushanyo 1. Nkuko agaciro kanini gakomeye k'ibikoresho byiyongera, gukomera cyangwa gukomera kw'ibikoresho byiyongera kandi guhinduka bigabanuka. Mu rwego rwo gukumira impande z'imirongo igaragara ku modoka zikomeye ziva mu gukuramo hejuru, harasabwa inkombe byibuze 80. Kim Basham prefers ibikoresho byo gusana binini (filers) kubice bitoroshye mumagorofa yimodoka zikomeye, kuko impande zikaze zikunzwe, ariko ubushobozi bworoshye, ariko ubushobozi bwo kwishoramo bwa kashe kandi Inkunga ya Crack Edge ni mike. Agaciro kanini kanini bifitanye isano no gukomera (cyangwa guhinduka) ibikoresho byo gusana. Mugihe agaciro kanini kahise kwiyongera, gukomera (gukomera) ibikoresho byo gusana byiyongera kandi byoroshye kugabanuka.
Kubirangara bifatika, ingano nimiterere ibintu byikigega cya salont nibyingenzi nko guhitamo icyapa gikwiye gishobora guhuza n'imiterere iteganijwe mugihe kizaza. Ifishi ifiti nigipimo cyihariye cyikigega cya kamene. Muri rusange, kubikorwa byoroshye, ibintu byasabwe ni 1: 2 (0.5) na 1: 1.0) (reba Ishusho 2). Kugabanya ingingo (mu kongera ubugari ugereranije n'uburiganya) bizagabanya ibibazo bya kashe biterwa no gukura kwaciwe. Niba umubare ntarengwa wa kashe ugabanuka, umubare witerambere ryimisozi kuburyo imyenda ishobora kwihanganira kwiyongera. Gukoresha ifishi birasabwa nuwabikoze bizatuma habaho igihe ntarengwa cyo kurengera kashe nta kunanirwa. Niba bikenewe, shyiramo inkoni ishyigikira kugirango igabanye ubujyakuzimu bwa kashe kandi ifasha gukora "isaha" imiterere ndende.
Kwemererwa kurambirwa kwa kashe no kwiyongera k'imiterere. Kuri santimetero 6. Isahani yijimye hamwe nubujyakuzimu bwa santimetero 0.020. Imiterere yerekana ikigega cyacitse idafite inyanja ni 300 (santimetero 6.0 za santimetero / 0.020 = 300). Ibi birasobanura impamvu ibice bifatika bifunze hamwe na kashe ihindagurika idafite ikigega cyambaye ubusa akenshi kinanirwa. Niba nta kigegu, niba hari uwakwirakwijwe bibaye, ikibazo kizahita kirenga ubushobozi bwa tensile. Kubintu bifatika, burigihe ukoreshe ikigega cyambaye ubusa hamwe nimiterere yasabwe nuwabikoze ku nyanja.
Igishushanyo cya 2. Kongera ubugari bwimbitse rizamura ubushobozi bwa samelant bwo kwihanganira ibihe bizaza. Koresha imiterere ya 1: 2 (0.5) kugeza 1: 1 (1.0) cyangwa nkuko byasabwe nuwakoze icyapa kugirango umenye neza ko ibikoresho bishobora kurambura mugihe kizaza. Kim Basham
Ububiko bwa Epoxy Resin Ihungabana cyangwa gusudira bikatongana nka santimetero 0.002 hamwe kandi bigarura ubusugire bwa beto, harimo imbaraga nubufatanye. Ubu buryo bukubiyemo gukoresha ubwinshi bwa cag-spoxy regging resin kugirango habeho ibice byashizeho intera ndende, ihagaritse cyangwa hejuru yumuvuduko wa epoxy resin (ifoto 4).
Imbaraga za tensile za epoxy zirenga 5.000 psi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, gutera inshinge epoxn biterwa no gusanwa. Ariko, inshinge za Epoxy ntizisubiza imbaraga zishushanyije, kandi ntizishimangira beto yacitse kubera gushushanya cyangwa amakosa yubaka. Epoxy Resin ni gake ikoreshwa mukuvura ibice kugirango bikemure ibibazo bijyanye nubushobozi bwo kwikoreraza nibibazo byumutekano wubaka.
Ifoto ya 4. Mbere yo gutera Epoxy resin, ubuso bwa crack bugomba gutwikirwa hamwe na epoxy ya epoxy kugirango bigabanye epoxy epoxy resin. Nyuma yo guterwa, Cap ya Epoxy yakuweho no gusya. Mubisanzwe, gukuraho igifuniko bizasiga amashusho ya abrasion kuri beto. Kim Basham
Epoxy uteye inshinge ni ugukomera, kwimbitse byuzuye, kandi ibice byatewe imbaraga birakomeye kuruta bete yegeranye. Niba ibikorwa bifatika cyangwa ibice bikora nkibikoresho cyangwa kwagura inshinge byatewe, ibindi bice biteganijwe ko bizaza kuruhande cyangwa kure yo gusanwa. Gusa inkera zisimba cyangwa zikandagira numero ihagije yibyuma binyura mu bice kugirango bigaruke kugenda ejo hazaza. Imbonerambo ikurikira muri make ibiranga gutoranya ibiranga ubu buryo bwo gusana hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gusana.
Polyurethane resin irashobora gukoreshwa mu kayira itose kandi itemba bigufi nka kinti nka santimetero 0.002. Iyi mikino yo gusana ikoreshwa cyane mu gukumira imiyoboro y'amazi, harimo no gutera inshinge ya reactin mu gikona, ihuza amazi kugirango ikore gel no gufunga igikoma (ifoto 5). Ibi bicuruzwa bizokwirukana amazi kandi byinjira muri micro-crack na pores ya beto kugirango ikore intera ikomeye hamwe na beto itose. Byongeye kandi, polyurethane yakize irahinduka kandi irashobora kwihanganira kugenda. Uku guhitamo gusana ni ugusana burundu, bikwiranye nibice bifatika cyangwa ibisiga byiza.
Ifoto ya 5. Gutera Polinethane birimo gucukura, kwishyiriraho ibyambu bya inshinge no gutera inkunga igitutu cya resin. Ibisigisizi byitaweho ubushuhe muri beto kugirango bibe ifuro rihamye kandi rihungabana, kurenga ku kato, ndetse bagasiga ibice. Kim Basham
Kubice hamwe nubugari ntarengwa hagati ya 0.004 santimetero 0.008 santimetero Inzira yo gukiza iterwa no guhagarika sima idahwitse ihura nubushuhe no gukora hydroxide idahwitse yo kurenga siyo ya karubone kugirango ikore karoti ya calcium hejuru ya crack. 0.004. Nyuma y'iminsi mike, igikoma kinini kirashobora gukiza, 0.008. Ibice birashobora gukiza mu byumweru bike. Niba igikoma kigira ingaruka kumazi atemba no kugenda, gukiza ntibizabaho.
Rimwe na rimwe "nta gusana" nuburyo bwiza bwo gusana. Ntabwo ibisigazwa byose bigomba gusanwa, no gukurikirana ibice bishobora kuba inzira nziza. Nibiba ngombwa, ibice birashobora gusanwa nyuma.
Igihe cya nyuma: Sep-03-2021