gusya hasi

Isoko ryo gutanga amasoko, ibyemezo byishoramari nuburyo guverinoma nshya izagira uruhare runini mu nganda mu minsi ya vuba.
Inganda nyinshi ziziga uburyo bwo gukira ibibazo bifitanye isano na COVID-19 hafi ya 2021.Nubwo nta gushidikanya ko inganda zikora inganda zagize ingaruka ku cyorezo, abakozi baragabanutse cyane, kandi biteganijwe ko umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bwa GDP w’inganda zikora inganda. kugabanuka kuri -5.4% muri 2021, ariko haracyari impamvu yo gukomeza kwigirira icyizere. Kurugero, guhagarika murwego rwo gutanga birashobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane; guhagarika imbaraga bihatira ababikora kongera imikorere.
Mu mateka, inganda zikora muri Amerika zashora imari cyane mu ikoranabuhanga, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zigamije kwikora. Kuva mu myaka ya za 1960, umubare w'abakozi mu nganda zikora wagabanutseho kimwe cya gatatu. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, kubera gusaza kwabaturage no kugaragara kwinshingano zigomba guhangana n’ibibazo by’ikoranabuhanga, umuryango w’ishoramari ku isi ushobora kubaho mu 2021.
Nubwo impinduka ziri hafi, ishyaka ryabayobozi b'ibigo ntirishobora guhakana. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Deloitte buherutse kubigaragaza, 63% muri bo hari ukuntu cyangwa bafite icyizere cyinshi ku bijyanye n'uyu mwaka. Reka turebe ibintu byihariye byo gukora bizahinduka muri 2021.
Mugihe icyorezo gikomeje gukomeza guhungabanya amasoko, abayikora bagomba kongera gusuzuma umusaruro wabo ku isi. Ibi birashobora kugushimangira cyane kubisoko byaho. Kurugero, Ubushinwa butanga 48% byibyuma byisi, ariko ibi birashobora guhinduka mugihe ibihugu byinshi byizeye kubona ibikoresho byegereye igihugu cyabo.
Mubyukuri, ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekana ko 33% byabayobozi bashinzwe gutanga amasoko bashobora kwimura igice cyubucuruzi bwabo mubushinwa cyangwa bagateganya kuyimura mumyaka ibiri cyangwa itatu iri imbere.
Amerika ifite umutungo kamere wibyuma, kandi nababikora bamwe barashaka kwimura umusaruro hafi yibi birombe. Uru rugendo ntirushobora guhinduka inzira mpuzamahanga cyangwa n’igihugu, ariko kubera ko urwego rw’ibicuruzwa rutangwa rurakemangwa, kandi ibyuma biragoye gutwara kuruta ibicuruzwa by’abaguzi, ibi bigomba kwitabwaho nababikora bamwe.
Ababikora nabo basubiza ibibazo byihuse byamasoko, bishobora gusaba ko hajyaho imiyoboro ihanitse. COVID-19 yazanye ibikenerwa mu itumanaho murwego rwo gutanga ibitekerezo. Ababikora barashobora gushaka ubundi buryo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa cyangwa kumvikana kubikorwa bitandukanye nabatanga isoko kugirango barebe neza neza. Imiyoboro itanga ibikoresho bizaba ishingiro ryibi: binyuze mugihe nyacyo cyo kuvugurura, birashobora kuzana umucyo utigeze ubaho ndetse no mubihe bibi.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, inganda zikora zagiye zita cyane kubushoramari bwikoranabuhanga. Ariko, turashobora kwitega ko mumyaka itanu cyangwa icumi iri imbere, igipimo cyamafaranga yashowe mumyigire yumurimo kizagenda cyiyongera. Mugihe abakozi basaza, hari igitutu kinini cyo kuzuza imyanya. Ibi bivuze ko abakozi bafite ubumenyi buhanitse ari inganda-zinganda ntizigomba kugumana abakozi gusa, ahubwo zigomba no kubahugura bikwiye kugirango bahuze nimpinduka zikoranabuhanga.
Amahugurwa y'abakozi baheruka gukora ashingiye ku gutera inkunga abakozi basubira ku ishuri kugirango babone impamyabumenyi. Nyamara, izi gahunda zifasha cyane cyane abashakashatsi bakuru cyangwa abifuza kwinjira mu myanya yubuyobozi, mugihe abegereye igorofa yabuze amahirwe yo kuzamura ubumenyi nubuhanga.
Ababikora benshi kandi benshi bazi ko hariho icyuho. Ubu, abantu barushijeho kumenya ko ari ngombwa kwigisha abegereye ahakorerwa umusaruro. Twizera ko icyitegererezo cyo gushyiraho gahunda y'imbere no gutanga ibyemezo kubakozi bakora hasi bazakomeza gutera imbere.
Iherezo rya perezidansi ya Donald Trump rizagira ingaruka rwose ku miterere y’isi yose y’Amerika, kubera ko ubuyobozi bushya buzashyira mu bikorwa impinduka nyinshi za politiki z’imbere mu gihugu n’ububanyi n’amahanga. Ingingo yavuzwe na Perezida Joe Biden mu gihe cyo kwiyamamaza ni ngombwa gukurikiza siyanse no kuba igihugu kirambye, bityo dushobora kwizera ko intego irambye izagira ingaruka ku nganda zikora inganda mu 2021.
Guverinoma ikunda gushyira mu bikorwa mu buryo butaziguye ibisabwa birambye, abayikora bakabona ko bibabaje kuko babona ko ari ibintu byiza. Gutezimbere ibikorwa byubaka, nko kunoza imikorere, birashobora guha ibigo impamvu nziza zo kubona ko kuramba ari inyungu aho kuba ikiguzi gihenze.
Ibyabaye nyuma y’icyorezo cya COVID-19 byerekanaga uburyo inganda zishobora guhagarara vuba, kubera ko uku guhungabana kwatumye 16% ku mwaka ugabanuka ku musaruro n’imikoreshereze, bikaba bitangaje. Uyu mwaka, intsinzi yabayikora izaterwa ahanini nubushobozi bwabo bwo gukira mubice aho ubukungu bwifashe nabi cyane; kuri bamwe, birashobora kuba igisubizo kubibazo bitoroshye byo gutanga amasoko, kubandi, Birashobora kuba ugushyigikira abakozi babuze cyane.