Ibikoresho byo gusya hasi

Sobanura AC A ACI nshya yarangije kwerekana amashusho ya Betrete. Ariko ubanza, kuki dukeneye kwerekana?
Abacalayi basenyutse barushaho kuba abantu benshi kandi bakunzwe cyane, bityo abashoramari bagomba kugira uburyo bwo kubakora bafite ubwiza buhebuje. Dukurikije amakuru avuye kureba neza ubushakashatsi, hakiri kare amagorofa ya beto yatangiye mu myaka ya za 90, ariko muri 2019, abishaka ku byinjira, amagorofa ya Beto yabereye hafi 53.5% byo hasi ya Beto yo gufata umugabane w'isoko. Uyu munsi, ibisato bito bya beto murashobora kubisanga mububiko bwibiribwa, ibiro, ububiko bwo kugurisha, agasanduku kanini, ningo. Ibiranga burundu amagorofa ya beto atwara ubwiyongere, nko kuramba cyane, ubuzima burebure, kubungabunga byoroshye, gukora neza, gukomera, imyifatire minini. Nkuko byari byitezwe, urwego ruteganijwe kwiyongera mumyaka mike iri imbere.
Gupima (Ibitekerezo) gupima slab ya beto isenyutse yerekana uburyo gloss hejuru ifite. Ibijumba bya beto birambuye hano byerekana itara hejuru yisoko ryabahinzi. Ifoto ibipfumu Patrick Harrison iteranira ibikenewe, kandi ubu iraboneka isebaje irangi ryaciwe (ACI 310.1) rigena ibipimo byibuze bisuzugura ibisate bya beto bigomba guhura. Kubera ko hari inzira yo gusobanura uburyo buteganijwe nibisubizo, biroroshye guhura nubwubatsi / injeniyeri. Rimwe na rimwe, inzira z'ibanze nko gusukura hasi kugirango zisobanure uburyo butandukanye kubaruwa / injeniyeri n'abashoramari. Gukoresha ibisobanuro bishya ya ACI 3100.1, ubwumvikane bushobora kugerwaho kandi rwiyemezamirimo arashobora kwerekana ko ibikubiyemo byavuzwe mumasezerano byujujwe. Impande zombi ubu zifite umurongo ngenderwaho mubikorwa bisanzwe byunganda. Kimwe n'ibipimo byose bya ACI, ibisobanuro bizasubirwamo kandi bivugururwa nkuko bikenewe mumyaka mike iri imbere kugirango tugaragaze ibisabwa ninganda.
Ibisobanuro muri ACI 310.1. Hariho ibisabwa birambuye kubizamini no kugenzura, kugenzura ubuziranenge, ibyiringiro byujuje ubuziranenge, gusuzuma, kwemerwa no kurengera Slabes Slab Slab irangira. Mu gice cyo gushyira mu bikorwa, harimo hejuru ibisabwa, amabara, gusya no gusya, no kubungabunga.
Ibisobanuro bishya byemeza ko buri mushinga ufite impinduka nyinshi zigomba kugenwa. Inyandiko yubatswe / injeniyeri igomba gusobanura ibisabwa byihariye byumushinga, nkibisanzwe nibiteganijwe. Harimo ibisabwa bisabwa kandi ibisabwa byibiciro byubusobanuro buyobora / injeniyeri kugirango bahindure ibisobanuro ukurikije ibisabwa byimishinga kugiti cye, ongeraho ibara ryinshyi zisunze zirangira, ongeraho ibara cyangwa ukeneye kwipimisha.
Ibisobanuro bishya birasaba gusaba ibipimo byatanga kandi bisobanurwa uburyo amakuru agomba gukusanywa. Ibi birimo umwihariko wishusho (doi), ikubiyemo ubukana nubumara ubuso bwubuso bwigice cyintambwe yo gukopora, bityo hariho inzira yo gupima ireme ryayo. Gloss (Ibitekerezo) ni igipimo cyerekana uburyo ubuririro hejuru. Gupima bitanga ibisobanuro bifatika byongero. Haze nayo isobanuwe mu nyandiko, ubusanzwe yerekana ko ibicuruzwa igice birimo kugirango ushireho astethetics.
Kugeza ubu, ibizamini byibasiye besite bisenyutse ntabwo bihamye. Abashoramari benshi ntibakusanyije gusoma bihagije batekereza ko bageze ku rwego runaka rusomero mu bijyanye na aesthetics. Abashoramari mubisanzwe bagerageza ahantu hato gato hanyuma bagatekereza ko bakoresha ibikoresho hamwe nubuhanga bumwe bwo kubyara ibisubizo byo gusya nta telejiya mubyukuri. ACI 3101.1 Ibisobanuro bitanga urwego rwo gupima umunsi wose nuburyo bwo gutanga ibisubizo. Kwipimisha imirimo nayo bitanga abashoramari mumateka yapimwe yibisubizo bishobora gukoreshwa mumasoko azaza.
Ibishya bishya byatsinzwe neza (ACI 310.1) bitanga umubare ntarengwa ukurikizwa kumaganya ya beto asenyutse. Cabela nimwe mu bigo bicuruza bizwiho gukoresha ibisame bya beto. Tuyikesha Harrick Harrison. ACI 3100.1 Ibisobanuro nayo igena ibizamini bigomba gukorwa hamwe na buri kizamini.
Inyandiko nshya iraboneka mugihe cyo gukora ubwoko butandukanye bwibizamini. Kurugero, byibuze ibyumweru bibiri mbere ya nyirayo, ikizamini kigomba kubamo Globali ihuye na ASTM D523, gisobanutse (doi) hakurikijwe ASTM 5767, na Haze hakurikijwe ASTM D4039. ACI 3100.1 Ibisobanuro byerekana kandi ikizamini kuri buri bwoko bwikizamini, ariko uwanditse akeneye kumenya ibisabwa byibuze kuri Doi, Gloss na Haze. Mugutanga ubuyobozi kubigeragezo byo gukora nigihe, inyandiko itanga umurongo wa moco kugirango umenye neza ko Plab yujuje ibisabwa byavuzwe mumasezerano.
Kwipimisha no gutanga raporo ni ngombwa kwemeza ko abafite impande zose, abubatsi / injeniyeri, n'abashoramari - bazi ko Plab yujuje ubuziranenge. Iki nigitekerezo cyo gutsinda: Kugirango nyirubwite atanga ibicuruzwa byiza, kandi rwiyemezamirimo afite numero zipima kugirango yerekane neza.
ACI 310.1 ubu iraboneka kurubuga rwa ACI, kandi yateguwe binyuze mu mbaraga zihuriweho hagati ya ACI nishyirahamwe ryabanyamerika ryabashoramari bato (ASCC). Kugira ngo dufashe aba mashuri byubahiriza ibipimo ntarengwa byavuzwe, ASCC ni uguteza imbere umurongo ngenderwaho w'abashoramari bagaragaza ibipimo biri muri iyi code. Gukurikiza imiterere ya ACI 3100.1, umuyobozi azatanga ibitekerezo nibisobanuro mubice byose aho rwiyemezamirimo ashobora gusaba ubuyobozi bwinyongera. Biteganijwe ko ACI ya ASCI 310.1 biteganijwe ko izasohoka hagati ya 2021.
Iya mbere yateshutse ibitero bya beto yaturutse mu kigo cy'Abanyamerika beto (ACI) ubu iraboneka kurubuga rwa ACI. Ibishya bishya byatsinzwe neza (ACI 310.1) byakozwe na komite ihuriweho na ACI 310 ni inyandiko yerekana ko itanga ibipimo ntarengwa abubatsi cyangwa injeniyeri bishobora gukoreshwa mubitabyo. ACI 310.1 Ibisobanuro bireba hasi hasi hasi no guhagarikwa igorofa. Iyo byavuzwe mu nyandiko z'amasezerano, itanga urwego rwuzuye rwumvikanyweho hagati ya rwiyemezamirimo n'ubwubatsi cyangwa injeniyeri.
Abubatsi / injeniyeri ubu zirashobora kwerekeza kuri ACI 3100.1 isobanura amateka kandi yerekana ko amagorofa asebanya agomba kubahiriza ibisobanuro, cyangwa arashobora kwerekana ibisabwa byinshi. Iyi niyo mpamvu iyi nyandiko yitwa ibisobanuro byerekana kuko itanga intangiriro yo mugihe gito cyo gutangira ibisasu bya beto. Iyo bivuzwe, iri jambo rishya rifatwa nkigice cyamasezerano hagati ya nyirubwite hamwe na rwiyemezamirimo, kandi ni ngombwa kuri buri rwiyemezamirimo wo gusya gusoma kugirango ubyumve.