Tumaze imyaka itari mike, tubona moteri idafite brush itangira kuganza igikoresho kitagira umugozi mu bikoresho byumwuga. Ibi nibyiza, ariko nikihe kintu kinini? Nibyingenzi mubyukuri mugihe nshobora gutwara iyo mbaho? um, yego. Hariho itandukaniro ningaruka zikomeye mugihe ukorana na moteri yasunitswe na moteri idafite brush.
Mbere yo gucengera muri metero ebyiri zohanagura na moteri idafite brush, reka tubanze dusobanukirwe ubumenyi bwibanze bwihame ryakazi rya moteri ya DC. Ku bijyanye no gutwara moteri, byose bifitanye isano na magnesi. Kurwanya magnesi birwanya gukururana. Igitekerezo cyibanze cya moteri ya DC nugukomeza amashanyarazi atandukanye yikizunguruka igice (rotor) gikururwa na rukuruzi itimukanwa (stator) imbere yacyo, bityo igakomeza gutera imbere. Nibyiza nko gushyira Boston Butter Donut ku nkoni imbere yanjye iyo nirutse-nzakomeza kugerageza kuyifata!
Ikibazo nuburyo bwo gukomeza amafranga agenda. Nta buryo bworoshye bwo kubikora. Itangirana na magneti ahoraho (magnesi zihoraho). Igice cya electromagneti ihindura amafaranga (ihindura polarite) uko izunguruka, burigihe rero hariho magneti ahoraho hamwe nuburyo bunyuranye bushobora kugenda. Mubyongeyeho, ibiciro bisa nubunararibonye bwa electromagnetic coil nkuko bihinduka bizasunika coil kure. Iyo turebye kuri moteri yasunitswe na moteri idafite brush, uburyo electromagnet ihindura polarite nurufunguzo.
Muri moteri yasunitswe, hari ibice bine byingenzi: magnesi zihoraho, armature, impeta zigenda hamwe na brux. Imashini ihoraho igizwe ninyuma yuburyo kandi ntigenda (stator). Imwe yashizwemo neza indi irishyuzwa nabi, irema umurima uhoraho.
Armature ni coil cyangwa urukurikirane rwa coil ihinduka electromagnet iyo ifite ingufu. Iki nigice kizunguruka (rotor), mubisanzwe bikozwe mu muringa, ariko aluminium nayo irashobora gukoreshwa.
Impeta ya commutator yashyizwe kumurongo wa armature mubice bibiri (2-pole iboneza), bine (iboneza rya 4-pole) cyangwa ibice byinshi. Zizunguruka hamwe na armature. Hanyuma, karuboni ya karubone iguma mu mwanya kandi ikohereza amafaranga kuri buri mukerarugendo.
Armature imaze gushyirwamo ingufu, coil yashizwemo izakwega yerekeza kuri rukuruzi ihoraho. Iyo ingendo ya commutator hejuru nayo irazunguruka, iva mumihuza ya brush ya karubone imwe ijya kurindi. Iyo igeze kuri brush ikurikiraho, izakira polarite ihindagurika none ikururwa nindi rukuruzi ihoraho mugihe yirukanwe nubwoko bumwe bwamashanyarazi. Ikigaragara ni uko iyo ingendo zigeze kuri brush mbi, ubu ikururwa na rukuruzi nziza ihoraho. Umugenzi ageze mugihe cyo gukora ihuriro ryiza rya electrode nziza hanyuma agakurikira magneti ahoraho. Amashanyarazi ari abiri, bityo igiceri cyiza kizakurura cyerekeza kuri magneti mbi, naho coil mbi izakurura yerekeza kuri magneti nziza icyarimwe.
Ninkaho ndi coil armature nkurikirana Boston Butter Donut. Naje kwiyegereza, ariko nyuma mpindura ibitekerezo maze nkurikirana ubuzima bwiza (polarite cyangwa icyifuzo cyanjye cyarahindutse). Erega burya, ifu ikungahaye kuri karori n'ibinure. Ubu ndimo kwiruka inyuma ya silike mugihe nsunitswe kure ya cream ya Boston. Ngezeyo, nasanze amafranga aruta kure cyane. Igihe cyose nkurura imbarutso, burigihe iyo ngeze kuri brush ikurikira, nzahindura ibitekerezo byanjye kandi icyarimwe nirukane ibintu nkunda muruziga. Nibisabwa byanyuma kuri ADHD. Mubyongeyeho, hano hari babiri muri twe, nuko Boston Butter Donuts na Smoothies bahora birukanwa bashishikaye numwe muritwe, ariko bidafata icyemezo.
Muri moteri idafite amashanyarazi, ubura ingendo na brux hanyuma ukabona umugenzuzi wa elegitoroniki. Imashini ihoraho ubu ikora nka rotor ikazunguruka imbere, mugihe stator ubu igizwe na coil ya electromagnetic yo hanze. Umugenzuzi atanga imbaraga kuri buri giceri ashingiye kumafaranga asabwa kugirango akurure rukuruzi ihoraho.
Usibye kwimura amafaranga kuri elegitoronike, umugenzuzi ashobora no gutanga amafaranga asa kugirango arwanye magnesi zihoraho. Kubera ko amafaranga yubwoko bumwe atandukanye nundi, ibi bisunika rukuruzi ihoraho. Noneho rotor iragenda kubera gukurura no gusunika imbaraga.
Muri iki kibazo, magnesi zihoraho zigenda, ubu rero ni umufasha wanjye wiruka nanjye. Ntabwo tugihindura igitekerezo cyibyo dushaka. Ahubwo, twari tuzi ko nashakaga Boston Butter Donuts, kandi mugenzi wanjye yashakaga kugenda neza.
Igenzura rya elegitoronike ryemerera ibyokurya bya mugitondo kwimuka imbere yacu, kandi twakurikiranye ibintu bimwe igihe cyose. Umugenzuzi ashyira kandi ibintu tudashaka inyuma kugirango dutange gusunika.
Moteri ya DC yasunitswe iroroshye kandi ihendutse gukora ibice (nubwo umuringa utabayehendutse). Kubera ko moteri idafite amashanyarazi isaba itumanaho rya elegitoronike, mubyukuri utangiye kubaka mudasobwa mugikoresho kitagira umugozi. Ninimpamvu yo kuzamura igiciro cya moteri idafite brush.
Bitewe nimpamvu zishushanyije, moteri idafite brush ifite ibyiza byinshi kurenza moteri yasunitswe. Benshi muribo bafitanye isano no gutakaza umuyonga hamwe nabagenzi. Kubera ko guswera bigomba kuba bihura nabagenzi kugirango bimure amafaranga, nabyo bitera guterana amagambo. Ubuvanganzo bugabanya umuvuduko ushobora kugerwaho kandi icyarimwe bibyara ubushyuhe. Ninkaho gutwara igare rifite feri yoroheje. Niba amaguru yawe akoresheje imbaraga zimwe, umuvuduko wawe uzatinda. Ibinyuranye, niba ushaka kugumana umuvuduko, ugomba kubona imbaraga nyinshi mumaguru. Uzashyushya kandi rim kubera ubushyuhe bwo guterana amagambo. Ibi bivuze ko, ugereranije na moteri yasunitswe, moteri idafite amashanyarazi ikora ku bushyuhe buke. Ibi bibaha gukora neza, bityo bahindura ingufu nyinshi zamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi.
Amashanyarazi ya karubone nayo azashira igihe. Nicyo gitera urumuri imbere mubikoresho bimwe. Kugirango igikoresho gikomeze, brush igomba gusimburwa buri gihe. Moteri ya Brushless ntabwo isaba ubu buryo bwo kubungabunga.
Nubwo moteri idafite brush isaba ibyuma bya elegitoroniki, rotor / stator ikomatanya cyane. Ibi biganisha kumahirwe yuburemere bworoshye nubunini bworoshye. Niyo mpamvu tubona ibikoresho byinshi nka Makita XDT16 bigira ingaruka kubushoferi hamwe na ultra-compact igishushanyo nimbaraga zikomeye.
Harasa nkaho hari ukutumva neza moteri idafite brush na torque. Imashini isunitswe cyangwa idafite amashanyarazi ubwayo ntabwo yerekana ubunini bwa torque. Kurugero, itara nyirizina rya mbere ya Milwaukee M18 imyitozo ya nyundo ya nyundo yari ntoya ugereranije na moderi yabanje gukaraba.
Ariko, amaherezo uwabikoze yamenye ibintu bimwe bikomeye. Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki bikoreshwa muri moteri idafite amashanyarazi birashobora gutanga imbaraga nyinshi kuri moteri mugihe bikenewe.
Kubera ko moteri idafite brush ubu ikoresha igenzura rya elegitoroniki igezweho, barashobora kumva iyo batangiye kwihuta munsi yumutwaro. Igihe cyose bateri na moteri biri mubipimo by'ubushyuhe, moteri ya moteri idafite amashanyarazi irashobora gusaba kandi ikakira amashanyarazi menshi mumapaki ya batiri. Ibi bituma ibikoresho nkibikoresho bitagira umwanda na shitingi kugirango bigumane umuvuduko mwinshi munsi yumutwaro. Ibi bituma byihuta. Mubisanzwe birihuta cyane. Ingero zimwe muribi zirimo Milwaukee RedLink Plus, Makita LXT Ibyiza na DeWalt Gukora no Kurinda.
Izi tekinoroji zihuza moteri, moteri, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki muri sisitemu ihuriweho kugirango igere ku mikorere myiza nigihe cyo gukora.
Kugabanuka-hindura polarite yumuriro-tangira moteri idafite brush kandi ukomeze kuzunguruka. Ibikurikira, ugomba kugenzura umuvuduko na torque. Umuvuduko urashobora kugenzurwa no guhindura voltage ya stator ya moteri ya BLDC. Guhindura voltage kumurongo mwinshi biragufasha kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri kurwego runini.
Kugirango ugenzure itara, mugihe umutwaro wa moteri uzamutse hejuru yurwego runaka, urashobora kugabanya ingufu za stator. Nibyo, ibi bitangiza ibyingenzi byingenzi: gukurikirana moteri na sensor.
Ibyuma byerekana ingaruka zitanga inzira zihenze zo kumenya umwanya wa rotor. Barashobora kandi gutahura umuvuduko mugihe hamwe ninshuro yigihe cyo guhinduranya.
Icyitonderwa cya Muhinduzi: Reba ibyacu Niki Niki moteri idafite moteri idafite moteri kugirango umenye uburyo tekinoroji ya moteri ya BLDC ihindura ibikoresho byamashanyarazi.
Guhuza izi nyungu bifite izindi ngaruka-igihe kirekire cyo kubaho. Nubwo garanti ya moteri yogejwe kandi idafite amashanyarazi (nibikoresho) murirango mubisanzwe ni kimwe, urashobora kwitega kuramba kuri moderi zitagira brush. Ibi mubisanzwe birashobora kuba imyaka myinshi kurenza igihe cya garanti.
Wibuke igihe navuze ko abagenzuzi ba elegitoronike bubaka mudasobwa mubikoresho byawe? Moteri ya Brushless nayo niyo ntera yibikoresho byubwenge bigira ingaruka ku nganda. Hatabayeho kwishingikiriza kuri moteri idafite amashanyarazi ku itumanaho rya elegitoroniki, tekinoroji ya Milwaukee imwe ntabwo yakora.
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Kumanika irangi riremereye kurukuta rwumye ntabwo bigoye cyane. Ariko, urashaka kwemeza ko ubikora neza. Bitabaye ibyo, uzagura ikadiri nshya! Gusa gusunika umugozi kurukuta ntibigabanya. Ugomba kumenya kutishingikiriza [...]
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-31-2021